@inbook{vanEijk2020,

title = {Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Handboek_Consumentenrecht_NvE.pdf},

isbn = {9789462512108},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-19},

urldate = {2020-05-18},

booktitle = {Handboek Consumentenrecht, red. E.H. Hondius \& V. Mak},

pages = {391-402},

publisher = {Uitgeverij Paris},

edition = {5e druk},

chapter = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inbook}

}

@techreport{vanHoboken2020b,

title = {Het juridisch kader voor de verspreiding van desinformatie via internetdiensten en de regulering van politieke advertenties},

author = {van Hoboken, J. and Appelman, N. and Fahy, R. and Leerssen, P. and McGonagle, T. and van Eijk, N. and Helberger, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Rapport_desinformatie_december2019.pdf

https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Kamerbrief_desinformatie.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-14},

abstract = {Het onderzoek, uitgevoerd in opdracht van het Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, analyseert het juridisch kader van toepassing op de verspreiding van desinformatie via online diensten.  Het rapport biedt een uitgebreid overzicht van de relevante Europese en Nederlandse normen en doet aanbevelingen voor de verbetering van dit juridisch kader. Het onderzoek bevat daarnaast ook een analyse van het relevant wettelijke kader in de V.S., het V.K, Frankrijk, Duitsland, Canada en Zweden.  

Het rapport maakt duidelijk hoe de vrijheid van meningsuiting als rode draad door het wettelijke kader loopt. Dit fundamentele recht vormt zowel de buitenste grens voor regulering als een basis voor nieuwe maatregelen, bijvoorbeeld voor de bescherming van pluralisme. Het wettelijk kader van toepassing op desinformatie blijkt zeer breed, bevat verschillende reguleringsniveaus, verschuift afhankelijk van de specifieke context en omvat vele al bestaande normen voor de regulering van specifieke typen desinformatie. Verder blijkt het toezicht op dit wettelijk kader vrij gefragmenteerd te zijn. Op basis van deze analyse komt het rapport tot aan aantal aanbevelingen. De aanbevelingen hebben onder andere betrekking op het gebruik van de term desinformatie als beleidsterm, het omgaan met de spanningen op de verschillende beleidsniveaus, de regulering van internettussenpersonen door middel van transparantie verplichtingen en de samenwerking tussen de verschillende toezichthouders. 

Voorafgaand aan deze eindrapportage is in eind 2019 het interim-rapport gepubliceerd. Dit rapport focuste op de relatie tussen desinformatie en online politieke advertenties. Beide studies zijn onderdeel van het onderzoeksproject ‘Digital Transition of Decision-Making at the Faculty of Law of the University of Amsterdam’  dat zich buigt over vraagstukken gerelateerd aan kunstmatige intelligentie en publieke waarden,  data governance, en online platforms. },

note = {Rapport voor het ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, Amsterdam, december 2019},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{vanHoboken2020c,

title = {The legal framework on the dissemination of disinformation through Internet services and the regulation of political advertising},

author = {van Hoboken, J. and Appelman, N. and Fahy, R. and Leerssen, P. and McGonagle, T. and van Eijk, N. and Helberger, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Report_Disinformation_Dec2019-1.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-05-14},

abstract = {The study, commissioned by the Dutch government, focusses on the legal framework governing the dissemination of disinformation, in particular through Internet services. The study provides an extensive overview of relevant European and Dutch legal norms relating to the spread of online disinformation, and recommendations are given on how to improve this framework. Additionally, the study includes an analysis of the relevant legal framework in 6 different countries (U.K., U.S., France, Germany, Sweden and Canada).  

The report makes clear how the freedom of expression runs as a central theme through the legal framework, both forming the outer limit for possible regulation and a legal basis to create new regulation (e.g. protecting pluralism). The legal framework governing disinformation online is shown to be very broad, encompassing different levels of regulation, shifting depending on the context and already regulating many different types of disinformation. Further, oversight seems to be fragmented with many different supervisory authorities involved but limited cooperation. Based on this analysis, the report offers several recommendations, such as on the use of disinformation not as a legal term but a policy term, on negotiating the tensions on the different policy levels, on the regulation of internet intermediaries including transparency obligations and on increased cooperation between the relevant supervisory authorities. 

Previously, the interim report focussing on political advertising was published in late 2019. Both these studies have been carried out in the context of the research initiative on the Digital Transition of Decision-Making at the Faculty of Law of the University of Amsterdam, focussing on questions related to AI and public values, data governance and online platforms.},

note = {A report for the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations, Amsterdam, December 2019},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2019d,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_153.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-12-12},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {153},

pages = {9001-9002},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Borgesius2019c,

title = {Kansspelreclame: toestaan, beperken, verbieden? : Onderzoek over mogelijke regels voor kansspelreclame voor het Directoraat-Generaal Straffen en Beschermen van het Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid},

author = {Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. and Zimin, A. and Power, L. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/kansspelreclame_33996.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-11-19},

abstract = {Bijlage bij Kamerstuk 2019-2020, 33996 nr. R, Eerste Kamer.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{vanHoboken2019c,

title = {De verspreiding van desinformatie via internetdiensten en de regulering van politieke advertenties},

author = {van Hoboken, J. and Appelman, N. and Fahy, R. and Leerssen, P. and McGonagle, T. and van Eijk, N. and Helberger, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/verspreiding_desinformatie_internetdiensten_tussenrapportage.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-31},

abstract = {Rapport in opdracht van het Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, bijlage bij Kamerstuk 2019-2020, 30821, nr. 91, Tweede Kamer.},

note = {Tussenrapportage oktober 2019},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2019c,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_152.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-11},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {152},

pages = {8935-8936},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{vanHoboken2019b,

title = {Hosting intermediary services and illegal content online: An analysis of the scope of article 14 ECD in light of developments in the online service landscape},

author = {van Hoboken, J. and Quintais, J. and Poort, J. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/hosting_intermediary_services.pdf},

doi = {10.2759/284542},

isbn = {9789279930027},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-08-06},

volume = {2018},

publisher = {European Union},

abstract = {This short study looks at the scope of the hosting safe harbour, in view of policies with respect to illegal content online and questions about the scope of Article 14 of the Electronic Commerce Directive (2000/31/EC) from a legal and practical perspective. Specifically, the study addresses the question of what are the kinds of services that could invoke Article 14 ECD and develops an updated typology of hosting intermediaries for policy experts. It outlines the different potential revenue streams of different hosting intermediaries and discusses how these revenue streams may influence the incentives of services to address unlawful or infringing third-party activity. Finally, the study discusses the most important legal issues with respect to the scope of Article 14 ECD, focusing on the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU and other legal developments.

},

note = {A study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content \& Technology, European Union, 2018, 47 p.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2019b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_151.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-06-06},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2019},

number = {151},

pages = {8866-8867},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ryngaert2019,

title = {International cooperation by (European) security and intelligence services: reviewing the creation of a joint database in light of data protection guarantees},

author = {Ryngaert, C.M.J. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IDPL_2019_1.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/idpl/ipz001},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-04-09},

journal = {International Data Privacy Law},

volume = {2019},

number = {1},

pages = {61-73},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2019,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_150_telecom.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-03-14},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2019},

number = {150},

pages = {8813-8814},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fahy2019e,

title = {Mobile Privacy and Business-to-Platform Dependencies: An Analysis of SEC Disclosures},

author = {Fahy, R. and van Hoboken, J. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/jbtl/vol14/iss1/4/},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-02-06},

journal = {Journal of Business \& Technology Law },

volume = {14},

number = {1},

abstract = {This Article systematically examines the dependence of mobile apps on mobile platforms for the collection and use of personal information through an analysis of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings of mobile app companies. The Article uses these disclosures to find systematic evidence of how app business models are shaped by the governance of user data by mobile platforms, in order to reflect on the role of platforms in privacy regulation more generally. The analysis of SEC filings documented in the Article produces new and unique insights into the data practices and data-related aspects of the business models of popular mobile apps and shows the value of SEC filings for privacy law and policy research more generally. The discussion of SEC filings and privacy builds on regulatory developments in SEC disclosures and cybersecurity of the last decade. The Article also connects to recent regulatory developments in the U.S. and Europe, including the General Data Protection Regulation, the proposals for a new ePrivacy Regulation and a Regulation of fairness in business-to-platform relations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018m,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_149_telecom.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-12-14},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2018},

number = {149},

pages = {8749-8751},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018l,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_149.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-12-07},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2018},

number = {146},

pages = {8749-8751},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Eijk2018m,

title = {Naar echt onafhankelijk toezicht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/TvT_Opinie_2018.pdf},

doi = {doi: 10.5553/TvT/187987052018009002009},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-10-02},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Toezicht},

volume = {2018},

number = {2-3},

pages = {86-87},

note = {Opinie},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nooren2018,

title = {Should We Regulate Digital Platforms? A New Framework for Evaluating Policy Options},

author = {Nooren, P. and Gorp, N. van and van Eijk, N. and Fahy, R.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Policy_and_Internet_2018.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.177},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-09-11},

journal = {Policy \& Internet},

volume = {2018},

pages = {264-301},

abstract = {The economic and societal impact of digital platforms raises a number of questions for policymakers, including whether existing regulatory approaches and instruments are sufficient to promote and safeguard public interests. This article develops a practical framework that provides structure and guidance to policymakers who design policies for the digital economy. The framework differs from other approaches in taking the digital business models of platforms as the starting point for the analysis. The framework consists of three pillars, namely determining a platform's characteristics, relating these to public interests, and formulating policy options. The framework then invokes a return‐path analysis for assessing how the interventions affect the business model, whether it has the desired effect on public interests, and ensuring it has no undesired side‐effects on public interests. The framework puts forward two key messages for current discussions on digital platforms. First, one should look at the underlying characteristics of platforms rather than trying to understand digital platforms as a single category. Second, policymakers should explore existing rules and policy options, as they seem fit to deal with several characteristics of digital platforms in a time frame that matches the rapid development of platform technologies and business models.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018k,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_148.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-09-07},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2018},

number = {148},

pages = {8696-8697},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018j,

title = {Rechter gaat voorbij aan regels vertrouwelijkheid},

author = {van Eijk, N. and Dommering, E.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Opinie_Volkskrant_21aug2018.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-21},

journal = {De Volkskrant},

volume = {2018},

abstract = {De uitspraak van de rechter dat journalisten stiekem een gesprek in de fractiekamer van Kamerlid Farid Azarkan mochten opnemen, is slecht nieuws voor de democratie en de journalistiek.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@online{vanEijk2018i,

title = {How Should Facebook and Other Companies Protect Privacy While Letting People Share Their Information Between Apps and Services?},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/08/guest-post-nico-van-eijk/},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-07},

urldate = {2018-08-06},

abstract = {Blogpost part of a series on data portability and interoperability.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {online}

}

@article{Eijk2018i,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_147.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-03},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2018},

number = {147},

pages = {8631-8632},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{vanSchelven2018,

title = {Must carry on: Onderzoek naar aanpassing van de mediawettelijke doorgifteverplichting},

author = {Schelven, R. van and Wolters, L. and Modderman, P. and Rutten, P. and Poort, J. and van Eijk, N. and Visser, F.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Must_carry_on.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2018h,

title = {Sleep maker safarifilmpje voor de rechter},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Opinie_Volkskrant_14mei2018.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-18},

note = {Opinie in De Volkskrant, 14 mei 2018.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018g,

title = {'Laat u niet opjagen door privacyophef'},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Opinie_Het_Parool_17mei2018.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-18},

abstract = {Alle opwinding over de nieuwe Europese privacyregels komt volgens Nico van Eijk neer op stemmingmakerij. Op 25 mei ziet hij bar weinig veranderen.},

note = {Opinie in Het Parool, 17 mei 2018.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{vanEijk2018f,

title = {Expert Opinion: Legal basis for multilateral exchange of information},

author = {van Eijk, N. and Ryngaert, C.M.J.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Expert_opinion_CTIVD.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-03},

abstract = {Appendix IV to CTIVD report no. 56 to the review report on the multilateral exchange of data on (alleged) jihadists by the AIVD},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2018e,

title = {Deskundigenbericht: Juridische grondslag multilaterale informatie-uitwisseling},

author = {van Eijk, N. and Ryngaert, C.M.J.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Deskundigenbericht.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-04-03},

volume = {2018},

note = {Bijlage IV bij CTIVD rapport nr. 56 over de multilaterale gegevensuitwisseling door de AIVD over (vermeende) jihadisten. Zie ook: https://www.ctivd.nl/actueel/nieuws/2018/03/28/index.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018d,

title = {Enkele kanttekeningen bij de Wiv 2017: De uitbreiding van bevoegdheden getoetst aan mensenrechten},

author = {van Eijk, N. and Eijkman, Q.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/JV_2018_1.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-20},

journal = {Justiti\"{e}le Verkenningen},

volume = {2018},

number = {1},

pages = {99-113},

abstract = {Wij presenteren in dit artikel een aantal kanttekeningen bij de Wiv 2017. Dit doen wij door een aantal relevante in Nederland en in de Europese Unie verschenen overkoepelende studies over grondrechten te bespreken. Deze kanttekeningen zijn deels gebaseerd op normatieve uitgangspunten en aanbevelingen uit deze studies, deels ontleend aan nog lopend onderzoek. Gezien de aard en omvang van dit artikel is een selectie gemaakt en beperkt de

analyse zich tot het schetsen van de belangrijkste dilemma’s.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_146.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-13},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {146},

pages = {8565-8566},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2018c,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_145.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-13},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {145},

pages = {8498-8499},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{Eijkman2018,

title = {Dutch National Security Reform Under Review: Sufficient Checks and Balances in the Intelligence and Security Services Act 2017?},

author = {Eijkman, Q. and van Eijk, N. and Schaik, R. van},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Wiv_2017.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-08},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{vanEijk2018,

title = {Rondetafelgesprek over marktdominantie van internet en technologiebedrijven },

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Rondetafelgesprek-over-marktdominantie-van-internet-en-technologiebedrijven.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-02-02},

note = {Kamercommissie voor Economische Zaken en Klimaat, 31 januari 2018},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Brkan2018,

title = {Brief of EU Data Protection and Privacy Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent},

author = {Brkan, M. and Castets-Renard, C. and Cole, M.D. and Dommering, E. and Forgo, N. and Korff, D. and Kosta, E. and Ligeti, K. and Mariottini, C.M. and Metille, S. and Mitrou, L. and Pollicino, O. and Pretschner, A. and Robinson, G. and Ryngaert, C. and Spindler, G. and Valcke, P. and Van Calster, G. and van Eijk, N. and Weber, R. and Zuiderveen Borgesius, F.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/amicusbrief_2018.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {About finding practical solutions (without the GDPR)},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/edpl_2017_03_foreword.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.21552/edpl/2017/3/5},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-19},

journal = {European Data Protection Law Review},

volume = {2017},

number = {3},

pages = {310-312},

note = {Foreword.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Unfair Commercial Practices: A Complementary Approach to Privacy Protection},

author = {van Eijk, N. and Hoofnagle, C.J. and Kannekens, E.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/edpl_2017_03.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.21552/edpl/2017/3/7},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-10-19},

journal = {European Data Protection Law Review},

volume = {2017},

number = {3},

pages = {325-337},

abstract = {Millions of European internet users access online platforms where their personal data is being collected, processed, analysed or sold. The existence of some of the largest online platforms is entirely based on data driven business models. In the European Union, the protection of personal data is considered a fundamental right. Under Article 8(3) of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, compliance with data protection rules should be subject to control by an independent authority. In the EU, enforcement of privacy rules almost solely takes place by the national data protection authorities. They typically apply sector-specific rules, based on the EU Data Protection Directive. In the United States, the Federal Trade Commission is the primary enforcer of consumers’ (online) privacy interests. The agency’s competence is not based on the protection of fundamental rights, but on the basis that maintenance of a competitive, fair marketplace will provide the right choices for consumers to take. In this Article the US legal framework will be discussed and compared to the EU legal framework, which forms our finding that in the EU rules on unfair commercial practices could be enforced in a similar manner to protect people’s privacy. In the EU, the many frictions concerning the market/consumer-oriented use of personal data form a good reason to actually deal with these frictions in a market/consumer legal framework.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@inbook{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Standards for Independent Oversight: The European Perspective},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Standards_for_Independent_Oversight.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-14},

booktitle = {Bulk Collection: Systematic Government Access to Private-Sector Data},

pages = {381-393},

chapter = {20},

abstract = {There are many ways to approach the question of government access to private-sector data. Much of the recent public debate has focused on access in the context of national security and traditional law enforcement, with respect to both targeted and untargeted access to data collected and processed by third parties. As more and more data is collected and stored by the private sector (“big data”), the amount of data that can be retrieved by governments is steadily increasing. A new “third domain” has emerged, where data is used for social security and tax surveillance and other types of non- traditional law enforcement. The Digital Rights Ireland case is the point of departure of this chapter. Next, two recent judgments by national courts are described, in which national data retention rules were tested against the ruling in the Digital Rights Ireland case and the necessity of independent oversight was discussed in further detail. This chapter draws from a recent study by the Institute for Information Law (IViR) to formulate standards for independent oversight. These standards are based on a broader analysis of the relevant jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice\textemdash including the Digital Rights Ireland case\textemdash and of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The analysis is also based on selected studies, reports, resolutions, and recommendations.},

note = {In: Bulk Collection: Systematic Government Access to Private-Sector Data, ed. F.H. Cate \& J.X. Dempsey, Oxford University Press, 2017, ISBN: 9780190685515.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inbook}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N. and 

},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_144-1.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-08},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2017},

number = {144},

pages = {8429-8430},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_143-1.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-09-08},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

volume = {2017},

number = {143},

pages = {8361-8362},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Annotatie bij Hof van Justitie EU 19 oktober 2016 (Breyer / Duitsland)},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_TvCH_2017_3.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-06-29},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Consumentenrecht en handelspraktijken},

volume = {2017},

number = {3},

pages = {130-132},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Poort2017,

title = {Digital fixation: the law and economics of a fixed e-book price},

author = {Poort, J. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1586.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-28},

journal = {International Journal of Cultural Policy},

volume = {23},

number = {4},

pages = {464-481},

abstract = {

	Fifteen OECD countries, ten of which EU members, have regulation for fixing the price of printed books. At least eight of these have extended such regulation to e-books. This article investigates the cultural and economic arguments as well as the legal context concerning a fixed price for e-books and deals with the question of how the arguments for and against retail price maintenance for e-books should be weighted in the light of the evidence. It concludes that while the evidence in defence of a fixed price for printed books is slim at best, the case for a fixed price for e-books is weaker still while the legal acceptability within EU law is disputable. Against this background, introducing a fixed price for e-books is ill-advised.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_142.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-18},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {142},

pages = {8297-8298},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_140.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-18},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {140},

pages = {8152-8153},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017b,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_141.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-18},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {141},

pages = {8224-8225},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2017,

title = {Second opinion 'advies Informatieverplichtingen \& transparantie kosten programmering publieke omroep'},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Second_opinion_ks_34264.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-24},

note = {Opinie van 28 november 2016 bij advies 'Informatieverplichtingen \& transparantie kosten programmering publieke omroep' van prof. dr. W. Voermans. Het advies is gebaseerd op een toezegging van de Staatssecretaris van OCW aan de Eerste Kamer (Handelingen 2015-2016, nr. 21, p. 1-17 en Kamerstukken I, 2015/16, 34264, O, p. 6.). 

Zie ook: Kamerstukken I, 2016/17, 34264, X.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bosch2016,

title = {Wifi-tracking in de winkel(straat): inbreuk op de privacy?},

author = {Bosch, B.F.E. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/PrivacyInformatie_2016_6.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-20},

journal = {Privacy \& Informatie},

number = {6},

pages = {238-246},

abstract = {Tegenwoordig wordt de consument op steeds grotere schaal gevolgd via de wifi-signalen die smartphones uitzenden. Inzicht in hoe consumenten zich gedragen in een winkel levert commerci\"{e}le voordelen op voor de winkeliers, maar ook risico's voor de persoonlijke levenssfeer. Onder de Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens is gegevensverwerking via wifi-tracking toegestaan, mits wordt voldaan aan de strenge eisen die de wet stelt. Ter vergelijking wordt gekeken naar de regulering van wifi-tracking in de Verenigde Staten.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{vanEijk2016b,

title = {Bijdrage tijdens de hoorzitting van de vaste commissie voor Binnenlandse Zaken over de Wet op de inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Wiv_bijdrage_vanEijk.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-16},

note = {15 december 2016},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@online{vanEijk2016b,

title = {Open brief aan Tweede Kamer: Onvoldoende waarborgen in nieuwe nationale veiligheidswet},

author = {van Eijk, N.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/nl/open-brief-aan-tweede-kamer-onvoldoende-waarborgen-nieuwe-nationale-veiligheidswet/},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-12-13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {online}

}

@techreport{Eskens2016b,

title = {Geheime surveillance en opsporing: Richtsnoeren voor de inrichting van wetgeving},

author = {Eskens, S. and van Daalen, O. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Geheime-surveillance-en-opsporing.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-11-22},

institution = {Instituut voor Informatierecht},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@inbook{McGonagle2016b,

title = {Introduction and Conclusions},

author = {McGonagle, T. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://shop.obs.coe.int/en/iris-special-legal-publications/43-iris-special-regional-and-local-broadcasting-in-europe.html},

isbn = {9789287183392},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-11-10},

note = {In: Regional and local broadcasting in Europe, M. Cappello et al. (ed.), IRIS Special 2016-1, Strasbourg: European Audiovisual Observatory 2016, p. 11-21 and 117-119. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inbook}

}

@article{Eskens2016,

title = {10 Standards for Oversight and Transparency of National Intelligence Services},

author = {Eskens, S. and van Daalen, O. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://jnslp.com/2016/07/25/10-standards-oversight-transparency-national-intelligence-services/

https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/JNSLP_2016_3.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-09-15},

journal = {Journal of National Security Law \& Policy},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

pages = {553-594},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vanEijk2016,

title = {Annotatie bij Hof van Justitie 6 oktober 2016 (Schrems / Data Protection Commissioner)},

author = {van Eijk, N. },

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_TvCH_2016_4.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-09-13},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Consumentenrecht en handelspraktijken},

number = {4},

pages = {189-199},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Oneerlijke handelspraktijken: alternatief voor privacyhandhaving},

author = {E.P.M.  Kannekens and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1800},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-24},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {4},

pages = {102-109.},

abstract = {

	Privacyhandhaving vindt in Europa vrijwel uitsluitend plaats door nationale privacytoezichthouders. Zij passen primair sectorspecifieke regulering toe gebaseerd op de Europese Privacyrichtlijn.2 De verantwoordelijkheid ligt primair bij de onafhankelijke nationale privacytoezichthouders. In de Verenigde Staten wordt op federaal niveau privacy vooral gehandhaafd door de Federal Trade Commission op basis van algemene regels inzake misleidende en oneerlijke handelspraktijken. In dit artikel wordt het Amerikaanse systeem besproken en naast de Europese kaders gezet. Hieruit blijkt dat ook in Europa de regels over handelspraktijken kunnen worden ingezet voor privacyhandhaving. Er zijn goede argumenten om dit ook te doen: veel fricties betreffen het op markt/consumenten-gericht gebruik van persoonsgegevens. Het ligt dan voor de hand om deze fricties dan ook binnen markt/consument kaders aan de orde te stellen.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Betere waarborgen voor de werkwijze van inlichtingendiensten},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1788},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-14},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {juni},

pages = {436-439.},

abstract = {

	Inlichtingendiensten spelen een belangrijke rol bij het waarborgen van de rechtsstaat. Zij zorgen er mede voor dat fundamentele rechten worden gehandhaafd. Tegelijkertijd beschikken deze diensten over bijzondere bevoegdheden waartegenover bijzondere waarborgen moeten staan. In de groeiende informatiesamenleving wordt meer en meer digitale informatie gegenereerd. Informatie waar inlichtingendiensten meer en meer ge\ïnteresseerd in zijn. Dit cre\ëert nieuwe dilemma\’s.

},

note = {

	Opinie.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1789},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-14},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {138},

pages = {8013-8014.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1790},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-14},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {139},

pages = {8077-8078.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {'Rechtspraak moet wennen aan nieuwe techniek'},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1792},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-14},

journal = {De Ingenieur},

number = {juni},

pages = {28-30.},

abstract = {

	Een voorstel voor een nieuwe ingrijpende afluisterwet zet het privacydebat in Nederland weer op scherp. Maar prof. dr. Nico van Eijk denkt dat rechters het gebruik van gegevens in goede banen zullen leiden. \'Ik ben voorstander van een speciale kamer bij de rechtbank voor aftapverzoeken.\'

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Big data is de hype voorbij: Nieuwe regelgeving leidt tot realistischer beeld},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1791},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-10},

abstract = {

	Big data leek een synoniem voor gouden bergen. Maar door nieuwe wetgeving wordt de betekenis ervan behoorlijk genuanceerd. Een betoog over de (on)mogelijkheden van big data aan de hand van de meldplicht datalekken en het gebruik van data door inlichtingen- en veiligheidsdiensten.

},

note = {

	Bijdrage op platform inGovernment - Binnenlands Bestuur.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Een normatief toetsingskader voor gegevensverwerking},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1783},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-06-03},

journal = {NJB},

number = {22},

pages = {1528-1533.},

abstract = {

	Aan een zo rijk preadvies als dat van Moerel en Prins kan via een korte bespreking als deze geen recht worden gedaan. Met de proeve van een nieuw toetsingskader voor gegevensverwerking, wordt de vinger op de zere plek gelegd: de bestaande en toekomstige Europese regelgeving schiet te kort: te inflexibel en statisch in een omgeving met hoge dynamiek. Er moet gezocht worden naar een alternatieve, meer normatieve aanpak die recht doet aan de complexiteit van \'big data\' en die legitimiteit herstelt. Het voorstel om bij de vraag naar de geoorloofdheid van gegevensverwerking primair de aanwezigheid van een gerechtvaardigd belang uitgangspunt te laten zijn, daagt uit.

},

note = {

	Artikel beschikbaar via Kluwer Navigator.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Nieuw toezicht op inlichtingendiensten gebrekkig},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://njb.nl/blog/nieuw-toezicht-op-inlichtingendiensten-gebrekkig.19716.lynkx},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-05-13},

note = {

	NJBlog, 10 mei 2016.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Smart TV and data protection - Introduction},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and K.  Irion and T.  McGonagle},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1742.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-03-10},

abstract = {

	The structure of this study is built around the following questions:


	- What is smart TV?


	- How does smart TV compare with other forms of audiovisual media?


	- What regulatory frameworks govern smart TV?


	- What guidance can be found in selected country-specific case studies?


	- What are the dangers associated with the collection, storage and processing of private user information by commercial parties?


	- How are relevant regulatory frameworks likely to evolve?



	Samsung have warned owners of their smart TVs that the system\’s voice recognition could actually be recording and sharing their private conversations. This “bad buzz” comes at a time when Brussels is in the process of adopting new legislation - the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - aimed at protecting us from abuse and misuse of our private data and consumer behaviour big data collected by smart equipment such as television sets. The European Audiovisual Observatory, part of the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, is keeping track of these developments and has published this IRIS Special report entitled "Smart TV and data protection".


	


	This is a joint publication by the Observatory and partner institution, the Dutch Institute for Information Law (IViR in Amsterdam). It inspired an expert workshop organised in Strasbourg December 2015, which looked at “the grey areas between media regulation and data protection”.

},

note = {

	IRIS Special, European Audvisual Observatory, Strasbourg 2016.


	ISBN 9789287182395.


	See here for more information and ability to purchase publication.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Bijdrage Rondetafelgesprek 11 februari 2016: Computercriminaliteit III},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1726.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-02-18},

note = {

	Bijdrage aan Rondetafelgesprek 11 februari 2016, Computercriminaliteit III, Vaste commissie voor Veiligheid en Justitie.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@misc{,

title = {"Onafhankelijkheid publieke omroep moet beter worden geborgd"},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1727.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-02-18},

journal = {Broadcast Magazine},

number = {2},

pages = {46-47.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@techreport{Til2016,

title = {Digital platforms: an analytical framework for identifying and evaluating policy options},

author = {Til, H. van and Nooren, P. and Stokking, H. and Gelevert, H. and van Eijk, N. and Fahy, R.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1703.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-07},

abstract = {	Kader om beleidsopties ten aanzien van 'digitale platforms' te analyseren.},

note = {	TNO-rapport 2015, R11271. Bijlage bij Kamerbrief  over toekomstbestendige wetgeving.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{Til2016b,

title = {Digitale Platforms: een analytisch kader voor het identificeren en evalueren van beleidsopties},

author = {Til, H. van and Nooren, P. and Stokking, H. and Gelevert, H. and van Eijk, N. and Fahy, R.},

url = {https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/digitale-platforms_tno-1.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-07},

abstract = {Nederlandse samenvatting van rapport "Digital platforms: an analytical framework for identifying and evaluating policy options".

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Onvoldoende waarborgen in het kader van national veiligheid},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and E.J.  Dommering},

url = {http://njb.nl/highlights/onvoldoende-waarborgen-in-het-kader-van-nationale.18644.lynkx},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-12-10},

abstract = {

	In Nederland is tot dusver in het politieke debat over het noodzakelijke onafhankelijke toezicht op de inlichtingen en veiligheidsdiensten het Europese recht genegeerd of verkeerd uitgelegd. Met het Europese recht bedoelen wij zowel het EU Handvest als het Europees Verdrag voor de Rechten van de Mens. Dat is op grond van meerdere rechterlijke uitspraken niet langer mogelijk. 

},

note = {

	Opinie op NJB blog, 9 december 2015.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1693.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-12-08},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {137},

pages = {7949-7950.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Study on the Future of European Audiovisual Regulation},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1643.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-10-22},

abstract = {

	The study on the future of European audiovsiual media regulation develops new ideas and recommendations for shaping a new European framework. A structural reform is favoured, as a response to digitization and convergence. The new framework should concentrate on general principles and be able to adapt and learn. Regulation should not be linked to types of services, but rather be developed by considering its goals, like protection of minors and consumer protection. Standards should be set allowing for effective regulation and coordination. Moreover by taking a 360-degree view on all relevant areas of regulation, it needs to become visible, where the European Law can offer leeway for to the member states\’ own media policy.


	The study called HERMES draws a precise image of current media consumption and value-added chains by examining several EU member states, as well as certain international states. The developments of the last years are being examined and current phenomena are explored. The centre of attention is the shift away from regular TV to non-linear media and the consumption via alternative channels as well as via new devices, which were not yet taken into account when shaping the present framework. The outcomes are analysed and put into practical guidelines for the near future.

},

note = {

	Final report of HERMES project lead by Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schulz (Hans-Bredow-Institut for Media Research) and Prof. Dr. Nico van Eijk (Institute for Information Law), Hamburg/Amsterdam, October 2015.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Privacy Bridges: EU and US Privacy Experts In Search of Transatlantic Privacy Solutions},

author = {Weitzner, D.J. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1640.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-10-21},

abstract = {The EU and US share a common commitment to privacy protection as a cornerstone of democracy. Following the Treaty of Lisbon, data privacy is a fundamental right that the European Union must proactively guarantee. In the United States, data privacy derives from constitutional protections in the First, Fourth and Fifth Amendment as well as federal and state statute, consumer protection law and common law. The ultimate goal of effective privacy protection is shared. However, current friction between the two legal systems poses challenges to realizing privacy and the free flow of information across the Atlantic. Recent expansion of online surveillance practices underline these challenges.

Over nine months, the group prepared a consensus report outlining a menu of privacy “bridges” that can be built to bring the European Union and the United States closer together. The efforts are aimed at providing a framework of practical options that advance strong, globally-accepted privacy values in a manner that respects the substantive and procedural differences between the two jurisdictions.

The report will be presented at the 2015 International Conference of Privacy and Data Protection Commissioners, which the Dutch Data Protection Authority will host in Amsterdam on 28-29 October 2015.},

note = {Amsterdam/Cambridge, 2015.  The EU-US Privacy Bridges project is co-chaired by Nico van Eijk and Daniel J. Weitzner.

See report for full list of project participants and see EU-US Privacy Bridges project page for more information about the project: https://privacybridges.mit.edu/

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1627.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-18},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {136},

pages = {7882-7883.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Ten standards for oversight and transparency of national intelligence services},

author = {Eskens, S. and van Daalen, O. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1591.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-07-23},

institution = {Instituut voor Informatierecht},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1590.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-07-17},

note = {

	Hoofdstuk in: Handboek Consumentenrecht: Een overzicht van de rechtspositie van de consument, prof. mr. E.H. Hondius, mr. G.J. Rijken (red.), 2015.


	ISBN 9789462510753.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1579.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-06-30},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {135},

pages = {7808-7809.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Verzameldrift 'big data' grijpt om zich heen},

author = {E.J.  Dommering and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1550.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-05-05},

abstract = {

	Het bewaren van communicatiegegevens van alle Nederlandse telefoon- en internetgebruikers is terecht door het Europese Hof van Justitie verboden.

},

note = {

	Opinie in De Volkskrant van 5 mei 2015.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@misc{,

title = {Dataretentie: Beter ten halve gekeerd dan ten hele gedwaald},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1538.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-04-17},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {3},

pages = {93.},

note = {

	Opinie.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1513.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-03-13},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {134},

pages = {7735-7736},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Bijdrage aan Rondetafelgesprek inzake dataretentie 29 januari 2015, Vaste commissie voor Veiligheid en Justitie},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and E.J.  Dommering},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1490.pdf},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-02-03},

note = {

	Zie ook \'Vertekend beeld door afschaflobby bewaarplicht\' in Netkwesties, 29 januari 2015, met commentaar van Egbert Dommering \'Niet verzamelen is uitgangspunt\'.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1453.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-12-09},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {133},

pages = {7657-7658.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Opstelten slaat onwettig onze data op: Bij opslag van kentekens en internetverkeer negeert de regering het Europese Hof, aldus Egbert Dommering en Nico van Eijk},

author = {E.J.  Dommering and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1444.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-11-27},

journal = {NRC Handelsblad},

note = {

	Verschenen op de Opiniepagina van NRC Handelsblad, 26 november 2014.


	Publicatie ook beschikbaar op Netkwesties.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{McGonagle2014,

title = {The role of regional media as a tool for building participatory democracy},

author = {McGonagle, T. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/regional-media-and-participatory-democracy.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-10-14},

abstract = {This study will first briefly give a theoretical framework for the relationship between regional media and participation in democratic society. It will then provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of Council of Europe standards that are of relevance to the regional media and therefore shape the environment in which they operate. Against that backdrop it will select and comment on different (national) regulatory, policy approaches to regional media and best or interesting practices. The study will identify and examine a range of challenges facing regional media \textendash legal, political, cultural, linguistic and economic. These different dimensions will factor into the selection of best and interesting practices. The study will be theoretically-informed, politically-aware and solution-oriented. },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Security Collapse in the HTTPS Market},

author = {Asghari, H. and Eeten, M.J.G. van and Arnbak, A. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/CACM_2014_10.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-10-10},

journal = {Communications of the ACM},

volume = {57},

number = {10},

pages = {47-55.},

abstract = {

	HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) has evolved into the de facto standard for secure Web browsing. However, widely reported security incidents\textemdashsuch as DigiNotar's breach, Apple's #gotofail, and OpenSSL's Heartbleed\textemdashhave exposed systemic security vulnerabilities of HTTPS to a global audience. The Edward Snowden revelations\textemdashnotably around operation BULLRUN, MUSCULAR, and the lesser-known FLYING PIG program to query certificate metadata on a dragnet scale\textemdashhave driven the point home that HTTPS is both a major target of government hacking and eavesdropping, as well as an effective measure against dragnet content surveillance when Internet traffic traverses global networks. HTTPS, in short, is an absolutely critical but fundamentally flawed cybersecurity technology.



	To evaluate both legal and technological solutions to augment the security of HTTPS, our article argues that an understanding of the economic incentives of the stakeholders in the HTTPS ecosystem, most notably the CAs, is essential. We outlines the systemic vulnerabilities of HTTPS, maps the thriving market for certificates, and analyzes the suggested regulatory and technological solutions on both sides of the Atlantic. The findings show existing yet surprising market patterns and perverse incentives: not unlike the financial sector, the HTTPS market is full of information asymmetries and negative externalities, as a handful of CAs dominate the market and have become "too big to fail." Unfortunately, proposed E.U. legislation will reinforce systemic vulnerabilities, and the proposed technological solutions that mostly originate in the U.S. are far from being adopted at scale. The systemic vulnerabilities in this crucial technology are likely to persist for years to come.

},

note = {

	Also published in:\<i\> \<a href="http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2673311\&CFID=582181517\&CFTOKEN=51677975" target="_blank"\>ACM Queue - Security\</a\>\</i\>, 2014-8, vol. 12.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1477.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-09-01},

journal = {KwartaalSignaal Ars Aequi},

number = {132},

pages = {7593-7595.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Haatboek blijft splijtzwam},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and E.J.  Dommering and A.J.  Nieuwenhuis},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1475.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-08-27},

abstract = {

	27 jaar na de laatste uitspraak wordt een Amsterdamse antiquaar strafrechtelijk vervolgd voor de verkoop van Hitlers boek Mein Kampf. Vier overwegingen die wetenschap en politiek nog altijd verdelen.

},

note = {

	Interview in Het Parool, 26 augustus 2014.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@techreport{,

title = {The Internet and the State: A Survey of Key Developments},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/internet_state.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-08-19},

pages = {42.},

publisher = {Raad voor Maatschappelijke Ontwikkeling},

address = {Den Haag},

abstract = {

	This paper sets out to provide a concise overview of key developments in relation to Internet-based services that may have an impact on public policies and ultimately on the state itself. It is intended to support the Netherlands Council for Societal Development (\textit{Raad voor Maatschappelijke Ontwikkeling}, RMO) in preparing its advisory report to the Dutch government on how to deal with the impact of the Internet on society and the state.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_130.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-08-19},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

pages = {7442-7443},

note = {

	Kwartaalsignaal 130.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_131.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-08-19},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

pages = {7517-7518.},

note = {

	Kwartaalsignaal 131.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Om niet te vergeten},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mediaforum_2014_6.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-06-26},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {6},

pages = {157},

note = {

	Opinie

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@misc{,

title = {Gebruik klantgegevens door banken},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Rondetafelgesprek_TK_21mei2014.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-05-22},

note = {

	Rondetafelgesprek Tweede Kamer, 21 mei 2014.



	Zie ook:


	Banken moeten afspreken data niet te delen\', SC Online, 20 mei 2014;


	\'Betalingen iets heel persoonlijks\', De Telegraaf, 11 maart 2014;


	\'Plan ING juridisch haalbaar, maar ondoordacht\', Nederlands Dagblad, 11 maart 2014.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@misc{,

title = {Mass surveillance: the Dutch state of denial},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {https://www.opendemocracy.net/can-europe-make-it/nico-van-eijk/mass-surveillance-dutch-state-of-denial},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-05-20},

note = {

	Verschenen bij Open Democracy, 16 mei 2014.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {De consument in het telecommunicatierecht: een update},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/TvC_2014_2.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-05-06},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Consumentenrecht en handelspraktijken},

number = {2},

pages = {77-84},

abstract = {

	De positie van de consument in het telecommunicatierecht is permanent in beweging. Het telecommunicatierecht vervult daarbij regelmatig een gidsfunctie; dat is onder meer zichtbaar bij de regulering van mobiele telefonie en internet. In deze bijdrage wordt een schets gegeven van een aantal van de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen die zich de laatste jaren hebben voorgedaan met betrekking tot de positie van de consument binnen het telecommunicatierecht. Daarbij zijn de aanpassingen van het Europese telecommunicatiekader van 2009 en de implementatie ervan in de Nederlandse Telecommunicatiewet (Tw) leidend. Aan de orde komen eerst aspecten die direct te maken hebben met de contractuele relaties tussen aanbieders en consumenten: welke adressanten kent de regulering, wat zijn randvoorwaarden in de contractuele sfeer en hoe zit het met geschilbeslechting? Vervolgens wordt nog stilgestaan bij een drietal meer specifieke onderwerpen die de positie van consumenten raken, namelijk cookies, netneutraliteit en de positionering van bepaalde informatiediensten.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@periodical{,

title = {'Nederland veel te makkelijk met weggeven van privacy'},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and E.J.  Dommering},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1476.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-04-11},

note = {

	Opinie in NRC Handelsblad, 11 april 2014.


	Ook verschenen op Netkwesties.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {periodical}

}

@periodical{,

title = {Liever een betere rente dan korting op een tuinbankje},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1478.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-03-14},

note = {

	Artikel in Trouw van 14 maart 2014.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {periodical}

}

@article{,

title = {'Privacy hoort thuis in de boardroom': Hoe ga je om met consumentendata?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Tijdschrift_voor_Marketing_2014.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-02-18},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Marketing},

number = {1/2},

pages = {19-21},

abstract = {

	Het waarborgen van de privacy van consumenten door bedrijven is een kwestie van welbegrepen eigenbelang: als je de langetermijnrelatie met de klant goed wilt houden, moet je hem niet belazeren. Toch valt er nog heel wat te verbeteren. \'Als bedrijf moet je je voortdurend afvragen of je nog kunt verantwoorden wat je doet.\'

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {The proof of the pudding is in the eating},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://policyreview.info/articles/news/proof-pudding-eating/232},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-02-11},

journal = {Internet Policy Review},

note = {

	10 februari 2014.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_127.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-12-13},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

pages = {7232-7233},

note = {

	KwartaalSignaal 127

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_128.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-12-13},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

pages = {7303-7305},

note = {

	KwartaalSignaal 128

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_129.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-12-13},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

pages = {7374-7375},

note = {

	KwartaalSignaal 129

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {RTL-V\'{e}ronique: toegang commerci\"{e}le omroep tot de Nederlandse markt},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/25_jaar_Mediaforum.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-12-06},

booktitle = {25 jaar Mediaforum. Een vooruitblik door de achteruitkijkspiegel, M.J. Geus e.a. (red.)},

pages = {9-14},

publisher = {Otto Cramwinckel Uitgever},

address = {Amsterdam},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Over koekjes en muren},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_82.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-11-12},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {82},

pages = {34},

note = {

	Column.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {De zakelijke gebruiker, een juridische fictie},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_83.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-11-12},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {83},

pages = {33},

note = {

	Column.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {The Diginotar Case: Internet Security is No Abstract Matter},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/CLM_2013_6.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-20},

journal = {Computers \& Law Magazine of SCL},

number = {6},

pages = {1-2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@periodical{,

title = {Nostalgische gevoelens over KPN niet van deze tijd},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/FD_27_08_2013.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-08-27},

journal = {Het Financieele Dagblad},

note = {27 augustus 2013},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {periodical}

}

@misc{,

title = {Security Economics in the HTTPS Value Chain},

author = {Asghari, H. and Eeten, M.J.G. van and Arnbak, A. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/paper_WEIS_2013.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-07-11},

pages = {1-35},

abstract = {

	Even though we increasingly rely on HTTPS to secure Internet communications, several landmark incidents in recent years have illustrated that its security is deeply flawed. We present an extensive multi-disciplinary analysis that examines how the systemic vulnerabilities of the HTTPS authentication model could be addressed. We conceptualize the security issues from the perspective of the HTTPS value chain. We then discuss the breaches at several Certificate Authorities (CAs). Next, we explore the security incentives of CAs via the empirical analysis of the market for SSL certificates, based on the SSL Observatory dataset. This uncovers a surprising pattern: there is no race to the bottom. Rather, we find a highly concentrated market with very large price differences among suppliers and limited price competition. We explain this pattern and explore what it tells us about the security incentives of CAs, including how market leaders seem to benefit from the status quo. In light of these findings, we look at regulatory and technical proposals to address the systemic vulnerabilities in the HTTPS value chain, in particular the EU eSignatures proposal that seeks to strictly regulate HTTPS communications.

},

note = {

	Paper peer-reviewed and presented at WEIS 2013, 3 June 2013.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@misc{,

title = {Obscured by Clouds or How to Address Governmental Access to Cloud Data From Abroad},

author = {J.V.J.  van Hoboken and A.M.  Arnbak and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/obscured_by_clouds.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-06-11},

note = {

	Draft paper presented at Privacy Law Scholars Conference 2013, 6-7 June, Berkeley, United States. Zie ook: Snowden saga reveals gap in protection of European data, Financial Times, 29 July 2013, p. 2. 

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@article{,

title = {Kroniek Telecommunicatierecht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/KwartaalSignaal_126.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-04-23},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {1},

pages = {7167-7169},

note = {KwartaalSignaal 126.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Ut ken net?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_81.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-04-23},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {1},

pages = {31},

note = {Column.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Waarde verlenging mobiele vergunningen},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/20.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-02-21},

pages = {34},

publisher = {SEO},

address = {Amsterdam},

series = {SEO-rapport},

abstract = {

	Dit rapport gaat over de waarde verlenging van mobiele vergunningen. De voor en nadelen worden geanalyseerd. De conclusie etc.

},

note = {

	Rapport in opdracht van het Ministerie van Economische Zaken

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Net Neutrality and Audiovisual Services?},

editor = {Price, M. and Verhulst, S. and Morgan, L. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/506.pdf},

isbn = {9780415683166},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-22},

booktitle = {Routledge Handbook of Media Law},

pages = {523-538},

publisher = {Routledge},

note = {

	http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415683166/

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Toegang tot de kabel revisited: artikel 6.14a Media},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mediaforum_2012_09.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-08},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {9},

pages = {269},

note = {Opinie.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Cloud Computing in Higher Education and Research Institutions and the USA Patriot Act},

author = {J.V.J.  van Hoboken and A.M.  Arnbak and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Cloud_Computing_Patriot_Act_2012.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-11-29},

abstract = {

	Institutions have started to move their data and ICT operations into the cloud. It is becoming clear that this is leading to a decrease of overview and control over government access to data for law enforcement and national security purposes. This report looks at the possibilities for the U.S. government to obtain access to information in the cloud from Dutch institutions on the basis of U.S. law and on the basis of Dutch law and international co-operation. It concludes that the U.S. legal state of affairs implies that the transition towards the cloud has important negative consequences for the possibility to manage information confidentiality, information security and the privacy of European end users in relation to foreign governments. The Patriot Act from 2001 has started to play a symbolic role in the public debate. It is one important element in a larger, complex and dynamic legal framework for access to data for law enforcement and national security purposes. In particular, the FISA Amendments Act provision for access to data of non-U.S. persons outside the U.S. enacted in 2008 deserves attention. The report describes this and other legal powers for the U.S. government to obtain data of non-U.S. persons located outside of the U.S. from cloud providers that fall under its jurisdiction. Such jurisdiction applies widely, namely to cloud services that conduct systematic business in the United States and is not dependent on the location where the data are stored, as is often assumed. For non-U.S. persons located outside of the U.S., constitutional protection is not applicable and the statutory safeguards are minimal. In the Netherlands and across the EU, government agencies have legal powers to obtain access to cloud data as well. These provisions can also be be used to assist the U.S. government, when it does not have jurisdiction for instance, but they must stay within the constitutional safeguards set by national constitutions, the European Convention on Human Rights and the EU Charter.

},

note = {

	This is the English translation of a report that was released in September 2012 in The Netherlands. It was covered extensively in Dutch newspapers, on Radio1 and the 8 PM news bulletin of public broadcaster NOS. Politicians across the spectrum reacted on the report, both directly in the media and through Parliamentary questions. Meanwhile, the State Secretary of Security and Justice has responded to the Parliamentary questions on 15 October 2012.


	The report is also available on SSRN.


	


	See also:


	- Patriot Act can "obtain" data in Europe, researchers say, CBS News, 4 December 2012;


	- Im Bann des amerikanischen Schn\"{u}ffelwahns, S\"{u}d Deutsche, 10 January 2013.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Duties of Care on the Internet?},

author = {Leukfeldt, R. and Stol, W. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/duties_of_care_on_the_internet.pdf},

isbn = {9789490947750},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-11-15},

booktitle = {Cyber Safety: an introduction},

pages = {267-279},

publisher = {Eleven International Publishing},

note = {

	http://www.elevenpub.com/criminology/catalogus/cyber-safety-an-introduction-1#

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Must-carry Regulation: A Must or a Burden?},

author = {van Eijk, N. and van der Sloot, B.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IRIS_Plus_2012.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-10-09},

journal = {IRIS Plus},

number = {5},

pages = {7-23},

note = {The first must-carry rules date back to 1990, the time when space on analogue broadcasting networks was limited and when supply grew quickly due to the introduction of private broadcasters. To ensure that channels of general interest would still be transmitted, countries introduced rules to regulate the scarcely available cable capacity. The major reason for introducing these must-carry rules was to guarantee access to public service broadcasting and ensure a diverse choice of programmes. The option in the European regulatory framework of reserving distribution capacity for selected channels, is characterised by its technology-neutral formulation. A distinctive feature of these European rules is that must-carry obligations can only be imposed if the respective networks are the principal means of receiving radio and television channels for a significant number of end-users of these networks. In a market where users increasingly opt for using one provider for all their communication services, the question is justified if - apart from technical restrictions - must-carry obligations should be linked to a quantitative criterion. In this article, insight is provided into the choices made by various European countries with respect to regulation must-carry obligations and how the general European framework is applicable to national regulations. A brief comparison is made with the situation in the United States, some conclusions are drawn and thoughts are provided on the future of must-carry obligations in Europe.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Net neutrality and the value chain for video},

author = {P.  Nooren and A.  Leurdijk and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Info_2012_6.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-10-05},

journal = {Info},

number = {6},

pages = {45-58},

note = {Video distribution over the Internet leads to heated net-neutrality related debates between network operators and Over-the-Top application providers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze this debate from a new perspective that takes into account all of the assets that companies try to exploit in the so-called battle for eyeballs in video distribution.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Waarde verlenging mobiele vergunningen. Update: uitkomst veiling en verlengingsprijzen},

author = {M.  Kerste and J.  Weda and N.  Rosenboom and T.  Smits and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and J.P.  Poort},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Waarde_verlenging_mobiele_vergunningen.pdf},

isbn = {9789067336864},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-10-04},

publisher = {SEO Economisch Onderzoek / IViR},

address = {Amsterdam},

abstract = {

	Op 14 december 2012 is de veiling van frequenties voor mobiele communicatie (multibandveiling) afgerond. Onder het te verdelen spectrum bevonden zich de huidige vergunningen in de 900 MHz en 1800 MHz band. Deze vergunningen lopen af op 25 februari 2013. Omdat de mobile network operators, afhankelijk van de uitkomst van de veiling, tijd nodig zouden kunnen hebben om de transitie te maken naar de nieuwe vergunningen, heeft de minister van Economische Zaken, Landbouw en Innovatie in 2012 besloten dat de huidige 900 MHz- en 1800 MHz-vergunningen op aanvraag zouden kunnen worden verlengd. Op grond van het geldende reguleringskader is de vergunninghouder bij verlenging van een vergunning een vergoeding aan de Staat verschuldigd. Dit rapport onderzoekt de wijze waarop de waarde van verlenging binnen de beleidsmatige en procedurele randvoorwaarden te bepalen is en stelt vervolgens de verlengingsprijzen vast. De uitkomst van de multibandveiling neemt daarbij een centrale rol in. De ontwikkelde methodiek heeft als basis gediend voor de ministeri\ële regeling waarin het eenmalig bedrag voor verlenging is geregeld. Uitgaande van 21 maanden verlenging, bedragen de verlengingsprijzen voor de huidige vergunninghouders in de 900 MHz en 1800 MHz band gecumuleerd \€ 387,847,454. Gegeven de veilinguitkomst, die een relatief beperkte (technische) transitie impliceert, hebben de vergunninghouders ondertussen een convenant gesloten waardoor een verlenging voor de transitie niet nodig is. Agentschap Telecom heeft hierbij een faciliterende rol gespeeld.

},

note = {

	SEO-rapport nr. 2013-06 Het rapport is samen met het bijbehorende beleidsvoornemen ook te vinden op: www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/eleni/documenten-en-publicaties/notas/2012/10/01/beleidsvoornemen-berekeningsmethode-eenmalig-bedrag-verlenging-gsm-vergunningen-2013.html

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Cloud diensten in hoger onderwijs en onderzoek en de USA Patriot Act},

author = {J.V.J.  van Hoboken and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and A.M.  Arnbak},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Clouddiensten_in_HO_en_USA_Patriot_Act.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-09-12},

abstract = {

	Instellingen en gebruikers gaan massaal over op de cloud, en daardoor vermindert de controle en het overzicht over de toegang tot onze gegevens door overheden. Dit heeft belangrijke consequenties voor de privacy en andere fundamentele belangen bij de vertrouwelijkheid van informatie. Er is de laatste tijd veel geroepen over de Patriot Act, maar niemand heeft goed zicht op de Amerikaanse wetgeving die de VS de mogelijkheid van toegang geeft tot gegevens in de cloud. Dit rapport van het IViR in opdracht van SURFdirect geeft antwoord op deze belangrijke vragen. De Amerikaanse Grondwet en de specifieke wetten beschermen buitenlanders in mindere mate dan Amerikanen. Cloudgegevens van niet-Amerikanen in het buitenland kunnen daarom sneller en makkelijker worden opgevraagd dan van Amerikanen, en dat zonder juridische waarborgen als transparantie over het aantal opvragingen en rechtsbescherming van het individu. Daarnaast wordt het maatschappelijke debat gedomineerd door hardnekkige misvattingen en een te grote focus op de Patriot Act. Er is sprake van een veel groter geheel aan wetgeving. Voor opvraging door Amerikaanse autoriteiten maakt het niet uit op welke plek in de wereld cloudgegevens zijn opgeslagen. Het hoeft ook geen Amerikaanse cloudprovider te zijn. Als een Nederlandse cloudaanbieder structureel zaken doet in de VS, dan geeft VS wet- en regelgeving in beginsel al de mogelijkheid voor VS autoriteiten om gegevens op te vragen vanuit Nederland. Voor afnemers van clouddiensten zullen zulke relaties in de praktijk moeilijk te achterhalen zijn en door overnames in de sector kan de situatie opeens veranderen.

},

note = {

	Rapport in opdracht van SURF, september 2012.



	Zie ook:



	- Persbericht van SURF;


	- Toezicht op gegevens in een cloud is hard nodig, NOS Journaal, zaterdag 13 oktober 2012;


	- Cyberaanvallen nieuwe vorm van politieke acties, Joris van Hoboken op Radio 1, zaterdag 13 oktober 2012;


	- Reactie van Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, Radio 1, zaterdag 13 oktober 2012;


	- Kamervragen SP;


	- Antwoord Staatssecretaris Teeven op vragen SP;


	- Onrust pati\ëntendossier neemt toe, website NOS, 30 november 2012;


	- VS kan toegang tot EPD krijgen, video NOS journaal, 30 november 2012;


	- \'De vraag is of VS medisch geheim Nederland zal respecteren\', NOS journaal, 30 november 2012.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Certificate Authority Collapse: Regulating Systemic Vulnerabilities in the HTTPS Value Chain},

author = {A.M.  Arnbak and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/paper_TPRC_2012.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-09-07},

abstract = {

	Recent breaches and malpractices at several Certificate Authorities (CA\’s) have led to a global collapse of trust in these central mediators of Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) communications. Given our dependence on secure web browsing, the security of HTTPS has become a top priority in telecommunications policy. In June 2012, the European Commission proposed a new Regulation on eSignatures. As the HTTPS ecosystem is by and large unregulated across the world, the proposal presents a paradigm shift in the governance of HTTPS. This paper examines if, and if so, how the European regulatory framework should legitimately address the systemic vulnerabilities of the HTTPS ecosystem. To this end, the HTTPS authentication model is conceptualised using actor-based value chain analysis and the systemic vulnerabilities of the HTTPs ecosystem are described through the lens of several landmark breaches. The paper explores the rationales for regulatory intervention, discusses the proposed EU eSignatures Regulation and ultimately develops a conceptual framework for HTTPS governance. It apprises the incentive structure of the entire HTTPS authentication value chain, untangles the concept of information security and connects its balancing of public and private interests to underlying values, in particular constitutional rights such as privacy, communications secrecy and freedom of expression. On the short term, specific regulatory measures to be considered throughout the value chain includes proportional liability provisions, meaningful security breach notifications and internal security requirements, but both legitimacy and effectiveness will depend on the exact wording of the regulatory provisions. The EU eSignatures proposal falls short on many of these aspects. In the long term, a robust technical and policy overhaul is needed to address the systemic weaknesses of HTTPS, as each CA is a single point of failure for the security of the entire ecosystem.

},

note = {

	Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, augustus 2012 Zie ook: 29C3: "Das SSL-System ist grundlegend defekt - und jemand muss es reparieren", Heise Online, 28 december 2012; Onderzoeker zet vraagtekens bij Europese https-regels, Tweakers.net, 29 december 2012.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@article{,

title = {Valuing commercial radio licences},

author = {J.P.  Poort and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/184.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-08-14},

journal = {European Journal of Law and Economics},

pages = {1-23},

abstract = {Within the EU regulatory framework, licensees for commercial radio broadcasting may be charged a fee to ensure optimal allocation of scarce resources but not to maximize public revenues. While radio licence renewal occurs in many EU countries, an objective, model-based approach for setting licence fees has not been used so far. In this paper, it is described how such a fee can be determined for the purpose of licence renewal or extension. National and regional Dutch FM licences were valued, taking into account that simulcast broadcasting of digital and analogue radio is obligatory upon extension. Licences are valued using discounted cash flow methodology, whereby the cash flows of an averagely efficient entrant are taken as the benchmark for valuation of each individual licence. Cash flows during the licence period 2011\textendash2017 are forecast based on generalized least squares regressions, using financial variables of Dutch radio stations for the years 2004\textendash2008. Separately, bottom-up cost and investment models are used to calculate analogue and digital distribution costs. This results in a value per licence, based on objective licence characteristics, which can be used to set licence fees if administrative renewal or extension is opted for instead of a new auction or beauty contest.},

note = {Voor onderzoekers en studenten is toegang tot het artikel mogelijk via de eigen universiteitsbibliotheek naar de Springer databank:

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10657-012-9348-x},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Digitally binding: Examining the feasibility of charging a fixed price for e-books},

author = {Akker, I. and Rutten, P. and van der Sloot, B. and van Eijk, N. and Poort, J.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Digitally_binding.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-03-09},

pages = {1-93},

address = {Amsterdam},

abstract = {

	Legal price fixing for printed books in the Dutch and Frisian languages was introduced in the Netherlands in 2005. Publishers today are required to fix retail prices for new books and retailers are required to charge the prices set. Fixed prices are valid for an indefinite period, but publishers are permitted to adjust them after a period of six months and to discard the fixed price altogether after a year. The Resale Price Maintenance (Books) Act (Wet op de vaste boekenprijs) seeks to contribute towards a large and varied stock and wide geographic availability of books, as well as towards public participation (purchasing and reading habits). With the emergence of e-books, the question arises as to whether it would be possible and desirable to introduce legally enforced price fixing for digital books too. This study examines the feasibility and enforceability of resale price maintenance (RPM) for e-books and analyses the functionality in terms of the degree to which it contributes to pluralism and the broad availability of supply, the market structure of the book business and the diversity and availability of print books.

},

note = {

	Report commissioned by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OC\&W)



	Originally published in Dutch as: Digitaal gebonden: Onderzoek naar de functionaliteit van een vaste prijs voor het e-boek.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {DigiNotar: Lessons to be learnt},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_2012_2.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-02-14},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {2},

pages = {80-82},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Universal service and disabled people},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and J.P.  Poort},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/telecommunications_policy_2012_2.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-27},

journal = {Telecommunications Policy},

number = {36},

pages = {85-95},

abstract = {The EU regulatory framework enacted 25 May 2011 has the objective to provide functionally equal access to telecommunications services for disabled persons. What are the rules, who are the target groups, and what obstacles do they face when using various telecommunication services? And what arrangements do exist in a selected group of six EU Member States to remove these obstacles? Recommendations include the introduction of a more market-oriented approach, independent of specific networks.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Netneutraliteit \& 'eyeballs'},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Het_glazen%20muiltje_van_XS4ALL.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-13},

booktitle = {Het glazen muiltje van XS4ALL, 29 visies op internet, technologie en maatschappij},

pages = {107-110},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Kritische infrastructuur kritisch bekeken?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_76.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-13},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

volume = {2011},

number = {76},

pages = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Netneutraliteit in Nederland},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_75.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-13},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {75},

pages = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {ACM onafhankelijk?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/NJB_2011_4445.pdf},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-03},

journal = {Nederlands Juristenblad},

number = {44/45},

pages = {2252},

note = {Opinie.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {BlackBerry blackout},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mf_2011_1112.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-12-13},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {11/12},

pages = {321},

note = {Opinie.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Net Neutrality and Audiovisual Services},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/IRIS_Plus_2011_5.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-12-06},

journal = {IRIS Plus},

number = {5},

pages = {7-19},

note = {

	This article is part of IRIS Plus 2011-5 "Why Discuss Network Neutrality?". Artikel ook beschikbaar in het Frans en in het Duits.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Audiovisuele mediadistributie, bottlenecks en beleid: Agenderende studie naar potenti\"{e}le bottlenecks voor distributie van televisie en audiovisuele content en beleidsopties},

author = {Leurdijk, A. and Nieuwenhuis, O. and Bachet, T. and Nooren, P. and van Eijk, N. and van der Sloot, B.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Distributierapport_TNO.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-12-06},

pages = {157},

note = {

	TNO-rapport in opdracht van het Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, 2 december 2011.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Digitaal gebonden: Onderzoek naar de functionaliteit van een vaste prijs voor het e-boek},

author = {Akker, I. and Rutten, P. and van Eijk, N. and Poort, J. and van der Sloot, B.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Digitaal_Gebonden.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-11-29},

address = {Amsterdam},

note = {

	Onderzoek in opdracht van het Ministerie van OC\&W, in samenwerking met SEO Economisch Onderzoek

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Online tracking: questioning the power of informed consen},

author = {Kool, L. and Plas, A. van der and van Eijk, N. and van der Sloot, B. and Helberger, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Info_2012_5.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-10-18},

journal = {Info},

number = {5},

pages = {57-73},

note = {

	The paper aims to report the main findings of a study for the Dutch Regulatory Authority for the Telecommunications sector OPTA to explore how the new European "cookie rules" in the ePrivacy Directive impact on behavioral advertising practices via the storing and reading of cookies. The paper identifies the main dilemmas with the implementation of the new European rules. The Dutch case provides a valuable reality check also outside The Netherlands. Even before the amendment of the directive, The Netherlands already had an opt-in system in place. From the Dutch experience important lessons can be learned also for other European countries.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {How Television went digital in the Netherlands},

author = {van der Sloot, B. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/switch-off.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-10-11},

journal = {Mapping Digital Media},

pages = {1-20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Legal, economic and cultural aspects of file sharing},

author = {Poort, J. and van Eijk, N. and Rutten, P.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/05%20-%20CommunicationsStrategies_2010.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-07-26},

journal = {Communications \& Strategies},

number = {77},

pages = {35-54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Verdeling van radiofrequenties},

author = {Ommeren, F.J. van and Ouden, W. den and Wolswinkel, C.J. and Hins, A. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/SPR-hoofdstuk2.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-06-04},

booktitle = {Schaarse publieke rechten},

pages = {45-69},

publisher = {BJu},

address = {Den Haag},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Beter goed gejat, dan slecht verzonnen?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_Magazine_74.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-05-19},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

volume = {2010},

number = {74},

pages = { 22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {A bite too big: Dilemma's bij de implementatie van de Cookiewet in Nederland},

author = {Kool, L. and Plas, A. van der and Helberger, N. and van der Sloot, B. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/A_bite_too_big.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-03-17},

pages = {85},

abstract = {

	Door een aanscherping van de Europese e-Privacyrichtlijn is bij het plaatsen van cookies, die bijvoorbeeld worden gebruikt om het surfgedrag van internetgebruikers te volgen, vooraf toestemming van de gebruiker nodig (en die dient gebaseerd te zijn op een ge\"{i}nformeerde keuze). Deze aanscherping op Europees niveau (Nederland kent al een bepaling op grond waarvan cookies kunnen worden geweigerd) heeft geleid tot een brede discussie over de uitvoerbaarheid en de wijze van toezicht op de regelgeving omtrent cookies. Eind mei moet de richtlijn in nationale wetgeving zijn ge\"{i}mplementeerd. Een wetsvoorstel daartoe ligt nu bij de Tweede Kamer. Ter voorbereiding heeft OPTA aan TNO en IViR gevraagd te onderzoeken wat de nieuwe juridische situatie in de praktijk betekent.

},

note = {

	TNO-rapport nr. 35473, in opdracht van OPTA, 28 februari 2011. Zie ook het persbericht en de Management Summary (in het Engels). Zie ook de reactie van TNO/IViR aan de leden van de Commissie Economische Zaken, Landbouw en Innovatie, op de branchereactie van 18 maart 2011.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Annotatie bij Hof van Justitie 18 maart 2010 (Alassini / Telecom Italia)},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_TvCH_2011_1.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-03-10},

journal = {Tijdschrift voor Consumentenrecht en handelspraktijken},

number = {1},

pages = {21-25},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {About Network Neutrality 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Article%20Net%20Neutrality.pdf},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-03-04},

journal = {Computers \& Law Magazine},

number = {6},

abstract = {Nico van Eijk puts network neutrality in context, predicts the future flow of debate on the topic and makes a series of telling observations on network neutrality dilemmas.},

note = {Dit artikel is voor onderzoeksdoeleinden in het Russisch vertaald:  О СЕТЕВОМ НЕЙТРАЛИТЕТЕ 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 И 4.0.

http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/vaneijk/Article%20Net%20Neutrality.pdf},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Op weg naar evenwicht: een onderzoek naar zorgplichten op het internet},

author = {Engers, T.M. van and Abel, W. and van Eijk, N. and Jasserand, C.A. and Wiersma, C.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Op_weg_naar_evenwicht.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-11-09},

pages = {140 },

publisher = {WODC / Universiteit van Amsterdam},

abstract = {

	In opdracht van het WODC (Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum) is onderzoek verricht naar zorgplichten op het internet, meer in het bijzonder vanuit het perspectief van internetserviceproviders. De situatie in vier landen - Nederland, Verenigd Koninkrijk, Duitsland en Frankrijk - is onderzocht. De (zelf)regulering met betrekking tot een vijftal thema's is in kaart gebracht (internetveiligheid, kinderporno, auteursrechten, identiteitsfraude en de handel in gestolen goederen via internetplatforms). Daarnaast is een groot aantal interviews gehouden met betrokken partijen.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Moving Towards Balance: A study into duties of care on the Internet},

author = {Engers, T.M. van and Abel, W. and van Eijk, N. and Jasserand, C.A. and Wiersma, C.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Moving_Towards_Balance.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-11-09},

pages = {125},

publisher = {WODC / University of Amsterdam},

abstract = {

	Commissioned by the WODC (Research and Documentation Centre of the Ministry of Security and Justice), research has been conducted on duties of care on the Internet, more specifically from the perspective of Internet service providers. The situation in four countries - the Netherlands, the UK, Germany and France - was researched. The (self-)regulation with respect to five separate themes (Internet security and safety, child pornography, copyright, identity fraud and the trade in stolen goods through Internet platforms) was identified. In addition to this, a significant number of interviews with stakeholders were conducted.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {D\'{e}j\`{a} vu},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_71.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-10-25},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {71},

pages = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {De mythe van onbelemmerde toegang tot internet},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_70.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-05-20},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

volume = {2010},

number = {70},

pages = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Zelfregulering: denken in alternatieven},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/computerrecht_2010_2.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-04-29},

journal = {Computerrecht},

number = {2},

pages = {52},

note = {Editorial.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Legal, Economic and Cultural Aspects of File Sharing},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and J.P.  Poort},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Communications\&Strategies_2010.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-04-16},

journal = {Communications \& Strategies},

number = {77},

pages = {35-54},

abstract = {This contribution seeks to identify the short and long-term economic and cultural effects of file sharing on music, films and games, while taking into account the legal context and policy developments. The short-term implications examined concern direct costs and benefits to society, whereas the long-term impact concerns changes in the industry's business models as well as in cultural diversity and the accessibility of content. It observes that the proliferation of digital distribution networks combined with the availability of digital technology among consumers has broken the entertainment industries' control over the access to their products. Only part of the decline in music sales can be attributed to file sharing. Despite the losses for the music industry, the increased accessibility of culture renders the overall welfare effects of file sharing robustly positive. As a consequence the entertainment industries, particularly the music industry, have to explore new models to sustain their business.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {BEREC: op naar Europees toezicht},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_69.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-03-24},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {69},

pages = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Convergentie in regulering: Reflecties op elektronische communicatie},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and E.J.  Dommering},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/convergentie_in_regulering.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-03-24},

pages = {39},

abstract = {

	In deze publicatie worden de belangrijkste technische, economische en sociale convergentietrends besproken. Dit gebeurt aan de hand van het lagenmodel waarin onderscheid wordt gemaakt tussen infrastructuur, transport/telediensten en informatiediensten. Vervolgens worden voorbeelden beschreven van convergentievraagstukken binnen het model, waarna kort wordt stilgestaan bij de impact op de digitale economie. Afgesloten wordt met voorstellen om te komen tot een meer ge\ïntegreerde benaderingswijze.

},

note = {

	Publicatie van het Ministerie van Economische Zaken, \'s Gravenhage, maart 2010.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Technologieneutraliteit: 'Dit is geen frequentie'},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_68.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-03-03},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {68},

pages = { 14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {De bewaarplicht: politieke opportuniteit!},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_67.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-03-03},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {67},

pages = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Toegang tot telecom: onderzoek naar de invulling van het nieuwe Europese kader voor de toegankelijkheid van telecommunicatiediensten voor gehandicapten},

author = {Akker, I. and Janssen, K. and van Eijk, N. and Poort, J.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/toegang_tot_telecom.pdf},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-02-16},

pages = {94 },

address = {Amsterdam},

series = {SEO-rapport},

abstract = {

	Sinds 2002 maakt de toegankelijkheid van telecommunicatie voor mensen met een beperking deel uit van de Europese Universeledienstenrichtlijn (UD-richtlijn). De Nederlandse Telecommunicatiewet reguleert de toegankelijkheid van een aantal diensten met het UD-instrument. De Nederlandse Telecommunicatiewet bevat echter nog geen specifieke regelgeving gericht op mensen met een beperking. Wel worden er in Nederland diensten aangeboden voor mensen met een beperking en voorziet de Zorgverzekeringswet in de vergoeding van sommige randapparatuur. Een herziening van de Europese richtlijn uit 2002, die naar verwachting in oktober 2009 zal worden vastgesteld, kent de verplichting om mensen met een beperking functioneel gelijkwaardige toegang te bieden tot telecommunicatiediensten. Dit onderzoeksrapport dient ter voorbereiding van de nationale implementatie van de verwachte herziene richtlijn.

},

note = {

	Deze publicaties zijn te downloaden via: www.seo.nl/publicaties/rapporten

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Twee is al veel},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Computerrecht_2009_3.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-11-25},

journal = {Computerrecht},

number = {3},

pages = {124},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {User-Created-Content: Supporting a participative Information Society, Final Report},

author = {Swart, E. and Helberger, N. and Guibault, L. and van Hoboken, J. and van Eijk, N. and Angelopoulos, C.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/User_created_content.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-10-28},

pages = {302},

note = {

	Studie in opdracht van de Europese Commissie, uitgevoerd door IDATE, TNO en IViR.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@misc{,

title = {Search Engines, the New bottleneck for Content Access},

author = {B.  Preissl and J.  Haucap and P.  Curwen and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/telecommunication_markets.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-06-24},

booktitle = {Telecommunication Markets, Drivers and Impediments},

pages = {141-157},

publisher = {Springer},

address = {London},

abstract = {

	The core function of a search engine is to make content and sources of information easily accessible (although the search results themselves may actually include parts of the underlying information). In an environment with unlimited amounts of information available on open platforms such as the internet, the availability or accessibility of content is no longer a major issue. The real question is how to find the information. Search engines are becoming the most important gateway used to find content: research shows that the average user considers them to be the most important intermediary in their search for content. They also believe that search engines are reliable. The high social impact of search engines is now evident. This contribution discusses the functionality of search engines and their underlying business model - which is changing to include the aggregation of content as well as access to it, hence making search engines a new player on the content market. The biased structure of and manipulation by search engines is also explored. The regulatory environment is assessed - at present, search engines largely fall outside the scope of (tele)communications regulation - and possible remedies are proposed.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Artikel 7 Grondwet en de richtlijn Audiovisuele mediadiensten},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mf_2009_3.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-04-01},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {3},

pages = { 77},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {A Converged Regulatory Model for Search Engines?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/SCL_magazine_6_2009.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-03-18},

journal = {Magazine of the Society for Computers and Law},

volume = {2009},

number = {6},

pages = { 1-3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {File sharing, dat doen we toch allemaal?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_2009.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-03-18},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

number = {65},

pages = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Scrappy's Electronics: niet goed, geld terug},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/BTG_magazine_66.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-03-03},

journal = {BTG Magazine},

volume = {2009},

number = {66},

pages = {p. 14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Ups and downs. Economic and cultural effects of file sharing on music, film and games (authorised translation)},

author = {N.  Helberger and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Ups_And_Downs_authorised_translation.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-02-27},

note = {

	Onderzoek door een consortium van TNO Informatie- en Communicatietechnologie, SEO Economisch Onderzoek en het Instituut Voor Informatierecht, in opdracht van de ministeries van OCW, EZ en Justitie, februari 2009.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Ups and downs. Economische en culturele gevolgen van file sharing voor muziek, film en games},

author = {N.  Helberger and N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and J.P.  Poort},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Ups_And_Downs.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-20},

note = {

	Onderzoek door een consortium van TNO Informatie- en Communicatietechnologie, SEO Economisch Onderzoek en het Instituut Voor Informatierecht, in opdracht van de ministeries van OCW, EZ en Justitie, januari 2009.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {De betekenis van zoekmachines in de informatiesamenleving},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/mediamonitor_2007-zoekmachines.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-11-16},

journal = {Mediamonitor},

pages = {71-82},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Audiovisuele mediadiensten en het internet},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/AA_jul_aug_2008_Audiovisuele_mediadiensten_en_het_internet.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-08-30},

journal = {Ars Aequi},

number = {07/08},

pages = {549-555},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Openbaarheid van bestuur en auteursrecht, never the twain shall meet?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and P.B.  Hugenholtz and M.M.M.  van Eechoud},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Dommering_bundel_Eechoud.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-05-15},

booktitle = {Dommering-bundel: Opstellen over informatierecht aangeboden aan prof. mr. E.J. Dommering},

pages = {89-100},

publisher = {Otto Cramwinckel Uitgever },

address = {Amsterdam},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@misc{,

title = {Voorwoord en inhoud},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk and P.B.  Hugenholtz},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Dommering_bundel_Inleiding.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-05-15},

booktitle = {Dommering-bundel: Opstellen over informatierecht aangeboden aan prof. mr. E.J. Dommering, N.A.N.M. },

pages = {1-9},

publisher = { Otto Cramwinckel Uitgever},

address = {Amsterdam},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@article{,

title = {Van 'overheid op afstand' naar bumperkleven},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mf_2008_4.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-04-15},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {4},

pages = {162-163},

abstract = {De nieuwe Multimediawet (MMw) luidt min of meer een derde reguleringsfase in. De nieuwe wet werd voorafgegaan door twintig jaar Omroepwet en twintig jaar Mediawet (Mw). Vooralsnog is het nog een voorstel en dus een mooi moment voor enige reflectie, waarbij ik mij beperk tot de (landelijke) publieke omroep.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Zoekmachines: verloren in het recht?},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/CR_2008_1.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-03-26},

journal = {Computerrecht},

number = {1},

pages = {10-14},

abstract = {

	Zoekmachines zijn een betrekkelijk nieuw fenomeen en daarmee doet zich de vraag voor waar zoekmachines binnen het recht zijn te positioneren. Deze bijdrage richt zich in het bijzonder op de sectorspecifieke positionering van zoekmachines. Daarbij wordt eerst bezien hoe de zoekmachine past in een traditioneel analytisch kader en waar zoekmachines moeten worden gepositioneerd vanuit het perspectief van de uitingsvrijheid. Vervolgens wordt bezien in welke mate nationale en Europese kaders met betrekking tot de regulering van de informatiesector van toepassing zijn op zoekmachines. Ten slotte worden de contouren geschetst van een mogelijke inbedding van zoekmachines in sectorspecifieke regulering.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{,

title = {Over oude tijden die herleven en het konijn uit de hoge hoed},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Mf_2007_10.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-11-01},

journal = {Mediaforum},

number = {10},

pages = {297},

note = {Opinie},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@misc{,

title = {Search Engines, the New bottleneck for Content Access},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Paper_SearchEngines_ITS_2007.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-11-01},

pages = {1-26},

note = {

	Paper presented at the International Telecommunications Society 19th European Regional Conference, 2-5 September 2007, Istanbul, Turkey.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@misc{,

title = {The modernisation of the European Television without Frontiers Directive: unnecessary regulation and the introduction of internet governance},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Paper_twf_avms_its_2007.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-11-01},

pages = {1-24},

abstract = {

	Kritische analyse van de voorgestelde Audiovisuele Media Diensten Richtlijn.

},

note = {

	(Draft) paper gepresenteerd op de International Telecommunications Society 19th European Regional Conference, 2-5 september 2007, Istanbul, Turkije.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {presentation}

}

@misc{,

title = {Institutional Aspects of Internet Governance},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/institutional_aspects_of_internet_governance.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-08-08},

booktitle = {Governing the Internet - Freedom and Regulation in the OSCE Region},

pages = {67-87},

publisher = {OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media},

address = {Vienna},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@misc{,

title = {Annotatie bij Rb. 's-Gravenhage 21 februari 2007 (XS4ALL / Staat der Nederlanden)},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Annotatie_Computerrecht_2007_3.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-07-04},

journal = {Computerrecht},

number = {3},

pages = {161-165},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {misc}

}

@techreport{,

title = {De samenstelling van het programma-aanbod: Kabel en consument},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/kabelraden.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-05-22},

pages = {1-63},

abstract = {

	Inventariserend onderzoek in opdracht van de Stichting Landelijk Steunpunt Programmaraden, naar de wijze waarop in een aantal geselecteerde landen consumenten betrokken zijn bij de samenstelling van het programma-aanbod op de kabel.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}

@article{,

title = {Naar een juridische inkadering van de domeinnaamuitgifte},

author = {N.A.N.M.  van Eijk},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/computerrecht_2007_02.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-05-22},

journal = {Computerrecht},

number = {2},

pages = {64},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@techreport{,

title = {Verkenning van omroepmarkten in Nederland: Marktontwikkelingen en beleidsinstrumenten},

author = {Munck, S. de and Kool, L. and Poel, M. and Rutten, P. and van Eijk, N.},

url = {http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/Verkenning_van_omroepmarkten_in_Nederland.pdf},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-03-22},

abstract = {

	Dit rapport is een verkenning naar de omroepmarkten in Nederland, waarbij wordt gekeken naar de economische en juridische maatregelen voor concurrentiebevordering op deze markten. Dit is onderzoek is niet beperkt tot de traditionele telecommunicatie regulering, maar neemt ook mediarechtelijke- en consumentenbeschermingsregulering mee, zoals de recente wijziging van de Telecommunicatiewet waarbij aan OPTA ook bevoegdheden worden toegekend ten aanzien van programmadiensten. Het onderzoek beoogt primair het formuleren van praktische adviezen en aanbevelingen voor de toekomstige activiteitenagenda van OPTA. Het gaat om een verkenning van wetgeving en 'regulatory package' enerzijds en markt, technologie en instrumentenmix anderzijds.

},

note = {

	TNO-rapport in opdracht van OPTA, februari 2007.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {techreport}

}